人在瑞典--ppcorn

昨天在PTT晃阿晃，晃到義工的版，然後看到台灣公益資訊中心有在需要翻譯的義工，很熱血的寫信去給那裡的服務人員，就很習慣的用英文寫，也是因為看到收信人似乎是外國人，而今天早上也很快的就收到回信，還有一篇嘗試翻譯的文章。早上有空，所以就翻譯了一下，果然自己翻譯的功力很糟糕，或許以後的幫忙翻譯可以讓自己的程度提升一點，翻譯的文章在下面。也不知道自己為何會想要做這些義工的事，應該是被什麼事情影響吧，不過現在還想不到，或許是以前認為在領導者的腳色就該多帶領大家做些好事，而現在不是領導者，那就自己做些好事吧！領導人的重要，是將自己的信念傳給底下的人，然後散佈出去，我想這種力量長久累積的話是會有一定的影響的，跟對一個人是會受惠一輩子的。那義工是一個人能出多少力就出多少力，做義工的時候付出也是學習，慢慢來吧！

不知道東西到底可不可以這樣公開po….希望還好！

THE MANAGEMENT OF
INTERNATIONAL NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS
IN THE 1990's

By Bonnie Koenig

1990年代國際上非政府組織的管理

Introduction

序

The recent trend towards non-governmental organizations (NGOs) becoming more international in their operations, has been well documented.

對於最近非政府組織在營運方面邁向國際化的趨勢有完整的資料記錄，如同Rice以及Ritchie在1995年出版的”跨國組織”裡提到：近二十年來國際非政府組織的出現是20世紀末最令人注意的現象之一。

As Rice and Ritchie note in a 1995 issue of Transnational Associations, "The emergence during the past two decades of these organizations [INGOs] is one of the most striking global phenomena of the late 20th century.

雖然部分的國際關係學者仍對這方面有缺乏正確的認識，但國際非政府組織已經成為國際社會中重要的第三力量。在政治以及企業快速全球化的經濟中，各國政府間組織的角色逐漸擴張，雖然還不至於和其他力量同等，但是已經達到類似的程度了。

Although still inadequately recognized by some scholars of international relations, INGOs have become a significant third force in international systems, paralleling, although not yet equaling, the expanding role of intergovernmental organizations in the political sphere and rapid globalization of business in the economic sphere."

根據一份1993年來自經濟合作暨發展組織(OECD)的報告中提到，”那些沒有強烈國家意識和獨立於國家間的協會，或說”國際間非政府組織”的數量正在成長。他們同時也代表減少南北差距的強烈慾望，特別是在溝通、學習以及教育發展方面。

According to a 1993 report by the Development Center of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), "International NGOs - those without a strong national identity and with independent chapters in several countries - are a growing phenomenon. They are also the expression of an important desire to reduce the North-South gap, particularly where communication, learning and development education are concerned."

越來越多組織的初創始成員和/或是領導階層是來自於超過一個國家，例子包括美國的世界公民參與聯盟(Civicus)以及婦女環境與發展組織(WEDO)，瑞士的國際綠十字協會(Green Cross)還有澳洲的國際婦女運動協會( WomenSport International)。

Increasingly, organizations are being founded initially as international organizations with members and/or leadership coming from more than one country. Examples include Civicus and the Women's Environment and Development Organization (WEDO), both U.S.-based, the Green Cross (based in Switzerland) and WomenSport International (with its secretariat in Australia).

此外，國際間非政府組織的活動擴展也包括相當重要的將傳統以單一國家為基礎的組織推向國際，增加國際性的計畫方案。

However, this expansion of NGO activity at the international level also includes an equally significant movement of traditionally nationally- based organizations to expand their international programs.

許多國際非政府組織著注重於自然的跨過界線並貢獻他們自己於跨國的選舉議題之中，例如增進婦女的地位，永續發展，健康和人權等等的幾個例子。

Many NGOS focus on issues that are naturally cross-boundary and lend themselves to multinational constituencies (improving the status of women, sustainable development, health and human rights to cite a few examples).

因此，從從事於地區性的聯盟建立到擴張這些合作關係到全世界的層次，這可以視為是自然的發展趨勢。

 Thus, the step from working at creating alliances at a local level, to extending these partnerships to the global level, can also be seen as a natural progression.